Are jury trials available and commonly used? Are there substantial restrictions that preclude certain categories of people from sitting on a jury. Such as prior involvement in the case, or a conflict of interest? Are there any special procedural aspects of laws for juvenile offenders and/or defendants who are illiterate or incompetent? How many jurors should be required for a trial. What is the process to number them off and pick alternates (if any)?
What is the process to select this panel?
This question does not readily apply to Croatia. Croatia doesn’t use juries at all. Rather than having juries hear cases and render verdicts, cases are heard by judges alone. Croatian criminal procedure does have provisions that allow courts to accept evidence from laymen. (e.g., witnesses who are not experts) in certain circumstances, but this is not the same thing as a jury system.
Croatian criminal procedure does include provisions for lay judges, but these individuals do not act like juries at all. Rather than acting on behalf of the community at large, lay judges are simply regular members of Croatia’s judicial branch.(i.e., people with legal training who work in courts or similar institutions).
According to William D King lay judges do participate very prominently during the sentencing stage of trials, however. They typically vote on whether defendants should receive prison sentences and how long those sentences should be. While professional judges ultimately aspects of laws have the final say over both questions. Croatian law grants some discretion to lay judges to increase or decrease sentences beyond what professional judges might otherwise impose. Lay judges also participate in Croatian trials by voting on defendants’ guilt. But their votes are just one of many factors that professional judges consider when rendering verdicts and applying criminal sentences.
What is the process to select this panel?
Croatian criminal procedure does include a few other special rules for juveniles. Those who may be incompetent to stand trial, but they don’t work as you might expect them to. Under the law, juveniles (defined as those between age 14 and 18). It must undergo separate legal procedures aspects of laws than adults do. This means their cases cannot be heard before the same courts as adult cases. They cannot be tried under the same standard of evidence. There is no jury system or lay judge system for individuals either; rather, professionals within the judiciary branch determine the guilt or innocence of juveniles.
Adult criminal defendants who are illiterate or incompetent will not be tring before a judge alone, however. Rather, where possible these individuals are provided with an interpreter. To ensure they understand what is happening in their own trial. Felony charges can originate from either pre-trial investigations or indictments filed by prosecutors; if filed by an indictment, the defendant are entitling to have his lawyer present for arraignment. (the first court appearance after charges are filed).
Process
While Croatia’s constitution guarantees all citizens the right to legal counsel during trials conducted under its jurisdiction. It does not guarantee that counsel must be available during police interrogations.
Our jury members are always selecting at random from a relevant pool.(as opposed to e.g., elected by the public or chosen by the parties)? What is the typical size of a jury? Should potential jurors receive any sort of “fair trial” instruction during the jury selection process aspects of laws. If so what it should cover (e.g., avoiding news stories about the case until deliberations are complete. Not forming an opinion on guilt prior to hearing all evidence).
Jury members in Croatian criminal proceedings are always selecting at random from a relevant pool. But I don’t know much about how this process works. Because Croatia does not use juries at all, as explained above.
process to select this panel
Croatian law does include certain witness protection, but they do not appear to apply to defendants themselves. If a defendant testifies during his trial, he is entiting to have aspects of laws. His identity concealed from the public and anyone else present for his testimony.
If a judge determines that a defendant was illegally depriving of his liberty. At any point before trial (e.g., during an interrogation). Then any statements made afterward may be excluding as evidence against him. But this exclusion does not apply if the defendant knew or had reason. To know of the illegality of his detention and intentionally failed to object.
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights guarantees defendants certain rights during pre-trial. Proceedings such as access to information about the charges filed against them, bail hearings, and speedy trials. Croatian authorities generally observe these standards, but what happens in practice can depend quite heavily on which region you’re in.
Conclusion:
Criminal defendants are generally afforfiding a lot of rights in Croatia. But they greatly depend on the region in which they are being tring. I have heard that there is some variation between regions. But many people will tell you that Croatian courts are very inconsistent about everything says William D King.
How frequently does the death penalty occur? Are there any known plans to abolish it? Is capital punishment currently legal on the books. Illegal but not enforcing, or illegal per se (i.e., has it been outlawing irrespective of circumstance).